منابع مشابه
Carotid endarterectomy in the UK: acceptable risks but unacceptable delays.
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is of benefit for stroke prevention in the presence of severe carotid stenosis, provided surgical morbidity and mortality are acceptably low. To assess the current performance of CEA in the UK, an interim analysis of 30-day postoperative outcome data, blinded to anaesthetic allocation, from the first 1,001 UK patients randomised in the GALA Trial (multicentre random...
متن کاملUnacceptable Risks and the Continuity Axiom
Consider a sequence of outcomes of descending value, A > B > C > ... > Z. According to Larry Temkin, there are reasons to deny the continuity axiom in certain ‘extreme’ cases, i.e. cases of triplets of outcomes A, B and Z, where A and B differ little in value, but B and Z differ greatly. But, Temkin argues, if we assume continuity for ‘easy’ cases, i.e. cases where the loss is small, we can der...
متن کاملDetermining acceptable risks: experimental and epidemiological issues.
The extent to which results of experimental toxicology studies can be used to assess risk for humans varies. Administering high doses of chemicals to experimental animals may produce indirect adverse metabolic and nutritional effects, and metabolic pathways may differ at high and low doses. The rate of metabolism at high and low doses and the metabolic pathways of chemicals in different species...
متن کاملWhen and Why Placebo-Prescribing Is Acceptable and Unacceptable: A Focus Group Study of Patients' Views
BACKGROUND Surveys of doctors suggest that they use placebos and placebo effects clinically to help patients. However, patients' views are not well-understood. We aimed to identify when and why placebo-prescribing in primary care might be acceptable and unacceptable to patients. METHODS A purposive diverse sample of 58 English-speaking adults (18 men; aged 19-80 years) participated in 11 focu...
متن کاملValue and Unacceptable Risk
Consider a transitive value ordering of outcomes and lotteries on outcomes, which satisfies substitutivity of equivalents and obeys “continuity for easy cases,” i.e., allows compensating risks of small losses by chances of small improvements. Temkin (2001) has argued that such an ordering must also – rather counter-intuitively – allow chances of small improvements to compensate risks of huge lo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMJ
سال: 1977
ISSN: 0959-8138,1468-5833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.6093.1028-c